The Federal Republic of Somalia, abbreviated as Somalia, is located on the Somali Peninsula in the easternmost part of the African continent. It has the longest coastline on the continent, with a total area of 637660 square kilometers and a population of 18.14 million (2023), the vast majority of whom are Somali. The country is divided into two major ethnic groups, the Samalai and the Sabu. Its capital is Mogadishu and it is divided into 18 states. [1]
Before the 17th century BC, Somalia established the “Bont” state known for its spice production. In 1941, Somalia was completely colonized by Britain. On July 1, 1960, Somalia established a republic. After the fall of the Siad regime in 1991, Somalia remained in a state of anarchy dominated by warlord armed separatism. Somaliland, located in the northwest, and the central regions of Bontland and southwestern Somalia are all essentially independent. [1]
Somalia is one of the least developed countries. The economy is mainly based on animal husbandry, with a weak industrial foundation. In 2020, Somalia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 4.918 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 309 US dollars and a GDP growth rate of -1.459%. [1]
On November 24, 2023 local time, Somalia officially became the 8th member state of the East African Community.
Chinese name
Federal Republic of Somalia [1]
Foreign Name
The Federal Republic of Somalia [1] (in English)
Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaliya 14
abbreviation
Somalia
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Mogadishu [1]
major city
Hargeisa, Kismayu, Marka, etc
National Day
July 1st, 1960 [1]
National Anthem
Somalia, get up
Country code
SOM
official language
Somali and Arabic [1]
Currency
Somali shilling [1]
Time Zone
UTC+3
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Hassan Sheikh Mahmoud 1
population size
18.14 million (2023)
population density
25.3 people per square kilometer 6
Main ethnic groups
Somalis and Arabs
Main religions
Islam (Sunni)
land area
637657 km² [1]
Total GDP
11.515 billion US dollars (2023)
Per Capita GDP
717 USD (2023)
International telephone area code
two hundred and fifty-two
International Domain Abbreviations
.so
Road traffic
Drive on the right side
Main universities
Amadeus University
In 2023, the population is 18.14 million. The vast majority are Somali ethnic groups, divided into two major ethnic groups: Samalai and Sabu. Among them, the Samarai clan accounts for more than 80% of the national population, which is divided into four major tribes: Darud, Haveye, Isaac and Dir. The Sabu ethnic group is divided into two major tribes, Dijir and Rahanwen.
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