The Republic of Niger (La R \u00e9 publique du Niger) is located in central and western Africa, abbreviated as Niger. It is an inland country on the southern edge of the Sahara Desert, bordering Algeria and Libya to the north, Nigeria and Benin to the south, Mali and Burkina Faso to the west, and Chad to the east. The country has a land area of 1267000 square kilometers and a population of 27.07 million (2023). There are five major ethnic groups in the country: Hausa, Zema Sanghai, Pall, Tuareg, and Kanuri. The capital is Niamey, and the country is divided into seven regions and one regional city. [2]
No unified dynasty has ever been formed in history. From the 7th to the 16th century, the northwest belonged to the Sanghai Empire. From the 8th to the 18th century, the eastern region belonged to the Bornu Empire. At the end of the 18th century, the Pall people established the Pall Empire in the central region. In 1904, it became a French West African territory. In 1922, it became a French colony. Obtained semi autonomous status in 1957. On December 18, 1958, it became an autonomous republic within the French Community. In July 1960, it withdrew from the French Community and officially declared independence on August 3. On March 26, 2025 local time, the leader of the military government and head of state of Niger, Chanani, signed a decree promulgating the transitional charter “Niger Reconstruction Charter”, granting Chanani the title of President of Niger. [27]
Niger is mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry, and is one of the least developed countries listed by the United Nations. In 2022, Niger’s gross domestic product (GDP) was 13.97 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 533 US dollars and a GDP growth rate of 11.5%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Republic of Niger [1]
Foreign Name
The Republic of Niger [1]
La R \u00e9 publique du Niger (French)
abbreviation
Niger
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Niamey [1]
National Day
December 18, 1958
National Anthem
The Song of Niger
Country code
NER
official language
French [1]
Currency
CFA Franc
Time Zone
UTC+1
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Abdulrahman Ciani (Head of State), Lamin Zene Ali Mahaman [8] (Transitional Prime Minister and Minister of Economy and Finance)
population size
27.07 million (2023)
population density
19.1 people per square kilometer 6<\/a>
Main ethnic groups
Hausa, Tuareg, and Pall tribes
Main religions
Islam, fetishism
land area
1267000 km\u00b2 [1]
Total GDP
17.07 billion US dollars (2023)
Per Capita GDP
630 USD (2023)
International telephone area code
two hundred and twenty-seven
International Domain Abbreviations
.ne
Road traffic
Drive on the right side
Main universities
Niamey Comprehensive University, Islamic University<\/p>\n\n\n\n