月度归档： 2025 年 5 月

The Kingdom of Morocco (Arabic: الملكة الغربية, The Kingdom of Morocco, Le Royaume du Maroc), abbreviated as Morocco, is a coastal Arab country in northwest Africa. It borders Algeria to the east and southeast, West Sahara to the south, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and Spain and Portugal across the sea to the north. Its capital is Rabat, with a land area of 459000 square kilometers (excluding Western Sahara, which is 266000 square kilometers). The country is divided into 12 regions (including Western Sahara) and has a population of 36.83 million people (as of 2024), with Arabs accounting for about 80%. Berbers account for about 20%. [1] [25]
The earliest inhabitants of Morocco were Berbers. Arabs entered in the 7th century AD. The first Arab kingdom was established in the 8th century. The Alawite dynasty was established in 1660 and has continued to this day. [1] Since the 15th century, Western powers have successively invaded. On March 30, 1912, Morocco became a protectorate of France. In the same year, France signed the Treaty of Madrid with Spain, designating the northern region of Morocco and the southern region of Ifni as Spanish protectorates. [1] Independence in 1956. On August 14, 1957, the country’s name was established as the Kingdom of Morocco, and Sudan was renamed as the King. In 1979, Morocco occupied Western Sahara, and its rights in Western Sahara have not been recognized by any international country, but the Arab League explicitly recognizes Western Sahara as Moroccan territory. Morocco believes that its borders of Ceuta and Melilla should be its territory, but in reality, they are under the jurisdiction of Spain. [1]
Morocco is a member of major international organizations such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, as well as important regional organizations such as the Arab League, African Union, and Maghreb Union. In 2022, Morocco’s gross domestic product was 142.87 billion US dollars, with a per capita gross domestic product of 3900 US dollars and an economic growth rate of 1.3%.

Chinese name
Kingdom of Morocco [1]
Foreign Name
The Kingdom of Morocco (in English)
Le Royaume du Maroc (French)
المكة (Arabic)
abbreviation
Morocco
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Rabat [1]
major city
Casablanca, Mekn é s, Fez, Tangier, Marrakesh, Agadir, etc. [1]
National Day
July 30th, 1999 [1]
National Anthem
Ode to Morocco
Country code
MAR
official language
Arabic [1]
Currency
Moroccan Dirham [1]
Time Zone
UTC+1 [2]
political system
Binary constitutional monarchy
National leaders
Mohammed VI (King), Aziz Ahnush
population size
36.83 million 25
population density
Approximately 82.7 people per square kilometer [3] 13
Main ethnic groups
Arabs and Berbers [1]
Main religions
Islam 1
land area
459000 km ² [1] (excluding 266000 square kilometers in Western Sahara)
Water area ratio
0.056%
Total GDP
142.87 billion US dollars (2022)
Per Capita GDP
3900 USD (2022)
International telephone area code
two hundred and twelve
International Domain Abbreviations
.ma
Road traffic
keep to the right
Independence Day
November 18, 1956 (Independence from France)
National Motto
Allah, country, king
national flower
carnation
The largest city
Casablanca
Main universities
Cardiiyad University, Hassan II University, etc

population
The total population of Morocco is 36.67 million people (2022), with an urbanization rate of 62.4%. The capital Rabat has a population of 600000, Casablanca has a population of 3.51 million, Fez has a population of 1.17 million, Marrakesh has a population of 1.13 million, and Tangier has a population of 980000. In recent decades, the number of Moroccans migrating to the disputed sovereignty area of Western Sahara has gradually increased, and currently the population of the region has exceeded 440000. [17]
nationality
Arabs account for about 80% of the population in Morocco, while Berbers make up about 20%.

Western Sahara (Arabic: الصحراءالغربية, Spanish: S á hara Occidental) is located in the northwest of Africa, in the western part of the Sahara Desert, bordering the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent to Morocco, Mauritania, and Algeria.
The area is a disputed region, and Morocco claims sovereignty over it. Western Sahara was once a colony of Spain in history. In 1975, Spain announced its withdrawal from Western Sahara, and in 1979, Mauritania renounced its territorial sovereignty over Western Sahara. The armed conflict between Morocco and the People’s Liberation Front of Western Sahara continued until 1991, and Morocco controlled about three-quarters of Western Sahara and built a Great Wall of Sand to prevent the infiltration of the Polisario Front. In addition, the local independent armed group, the Polisario Front, rules about a quarter of the barren area east of the region, and a total of 47 countries recognize the “Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic” led by this armed regime للجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية、The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic）” One of the independent Arab countries.

Chinese name
Western Sahara
Foreign Name
Western Sahara (in English)
الصحراءالغربية (Arabic)
للجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية [2]
District
Africa
geographic location
Northwest Africa
Western Sahara Desert
the measure of area
266000 km²
Subordinate regions
Dakhla, Smara
Government residence
Ayoun (under actual control of Morocco)
Weather
tropical desert climate
population size
500000 people [3]
GRDP
14.762 billion US dollars (2014)
National Day
February 27, 1976
National Anthem
Ah! Son of Western Sahara
Country code
EH
official language
Arabic
Currency
Biseta, Western Sahara
Time Zone
UTC
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Mohammed Abdulaziz, Abdul Qadir Talib Omar
Main ethnic groups
Arabs, Berbers
Main religions
Islam
Per Capita GDP
2134 USD (2019)
International telephone area code
two hundred and twelve
Road traffic
keep to the right
Length of coastline
About 900 kilometers (under actual control of Morocco)

The Islamic Republic of Mauritania (Arabic: بالجمههいةالإسلامイة, English: The Islamic Republic of Mauritania, French: La R é publique Islamique de Mauritania), abbreviated as Mauritania, is located in northwest Africa, between 15 and 27 degrees north latitude, with an area of 1.0307 million square kilometers. Mauritania borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Western Sahara and Algeria to the north, Mali to the southeast, and Senegal to the south. The region has a tropical desert climate, with flat terrain and 2/3 of the area being desert. The capital is Nouakchott, and the country is divided into 15 provinces, with a land area of 1.03 million square kilometers and a population of 4.92 million (2023). Overall, it is divided into two categories: Moors and Black Africans. [1]
The earliest inhabitants of Mauritania were the Balfour black ethnic group, and later the Berber people from North Africa migrated to northern Mauritania. In the 7th century AD, Arabs entered Mauritania. In 1912, it became a French colony. In 1920, it became a colony under the jurisdiction of French West Africa. [1] In 1956, it became a “semi autonomous republic”, joined the French Community in September 1958, and declared the establishment of the “Islamic Republic of Mauritania” in November. It gained independence on November 28, 1960. Mauritania implemented a parliamentary system, with a bicameral parliament consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The President is the head of state, and the Council of Ministers is the highest executive and administrative body.
Mauritania is one of the least developed countries in the world. Mauritanians generally welcome distinguished guests and are accustomed to “Roasted whole lamb” as the most cordial hospitality. In 2022, Mauritania’s gross domestic product was 10.09 billion US dollars, with a per capita gross domestic product of 2330 US dollars and an economic growth rate of 4%.

Chinese name
Islamic Republic of Mauritania [1]
Foreign Name
The Islamic Republic of Mauritania [1]
La République Islamique de Mauritanie [1]
بالجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية
abbreviation
Mauritania
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Nouakchott [1]
major city
Atal, Zuerat, etc
National Day
November 28, 1960 [1]
National Anthem
The National Anthem of Mauritania
Country code
MRT
official language
Arabic [1]
Currency
Mauritania Ouguiya [1]
Time Zone
UTC+0
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Mohamed Oud Cheikh Ahmed Ghazwani (Head of State), Mukhtar Oud Ajay [9] (Prime Minister)
population size
4.92 million (2023)
population density
4.5 people per square kilometer (2020)
Main ethnic groups
Arabs, Haradins, Black Africans [1]
Main religions
Islam 1
land area
1030700 km² [1]
Water area ratio
0.03%
Total GDP
9.3 billion US dollars (2023)
Per Capita GDP
1937 USD (2023)
International telephone area code
two hundred and twenty-two
International Domain Abbreviations
.mr
Road traffic
keep to the right
National Motto
Honor, friendship, justice
Climate
tropical desert climate
Maximum administrative region
Tiris Zemur Province
international organization
The Arab League OIC、WTO、 the Non-Aligned Movement
Main universities
Nouakchott University

Mauritania has a current population of 4.8 million (as of 2022), which is generally divided into two categories: Moors and Black Africans (Black Africans). White Moors (of Arab Berber descent) make up 30% of the Mohr ethnic group, while Halatins (also known as Black Moors) with Arab cultural and linguistic traditions make up 40%, and African blacks make up 30%. The main Black African ethnic groups are the Tukule, Boer, Sonink, Wolof, and Bambara. Arabic is the official language and French is the common language. The ethnic languages include Hassan, Burar, Sonink, and Wolof. About 96% of residents believe in Islam. [1]
Mauritania is a multi-ethnic country that can generally be divided into two categories: Moors and Black Africans. Moors make up about 70% of the population, living in the north and central regions. Black people account for 30%, with the majority living along the southern Senegal River.

The Federal Republic of Somalia, abbreviated as Somalia, is located on the Somali Peninsula in the easternmost part of the African continent. It has the longest coastline on the continent, with a total area of 637660 square kilometers and a population of 18.14 million (2023), the vast majority of whom are Somali. The country is divided into two major ethnic groups, the Samalai and the Sabu. Its capital is Mogadishu and it is divided into 18 states. [1]
Before the 17th century BC, Somalia established the “Bont” state known for its spice production. In 1941, Somalia was completely colonized by Britain. On July 1, 1960, Somalia established a republic. After the fall of the Siad regime in 1991, Somalia remained in a state of anarchy dominated by warlord armed separatism. Somaliland, located in the northwest, and the central regions of Bontland and southwestern Somalia are all essentially independent. [1]
Somalia is one of the least developed countries. The economy is mainly based on animal husbandry, with a weak industrial foundation. In 2020, Somalia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 4.918 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 309 US dollars and a GDP growth rate of -1.459%. [1]
On November 24, 2023 local time, Somalia officially became the 8th member state of the East African Community.

Chinese name
Federal Republic of Somalia [1]
Foreign Name
The Federal Republic of Somalia [1] (in English)
Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaliya 14
abbreviation
Somalia
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Mogadishu [1]
major city
Hargeisa, Kismayu, Marka, etc
National Day
July 1st, 1960 [1]
National Anthem
Somalia, get up
Country code
SOM
official language
Somali and Arabic [1]
Currency
Somali shilling [1]
Time Zone
UTC+3
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Hassan Sheikh Mahmoud 1
population size
18.14 million (2023)
population density
25.3 people per square kilometer 6
Main ethnic groups
Somalis and Arabs
Main religions
Islam (Sunni)
land area
637657 km² [1]
Total GDP
11.515 billion US dollars (2023)
Per Capita GDP
717 USD (2023)
International telephone area code
two hundred and fifty-two
International Domain Abbreviations
.so
Road traffic
Drive on the right side
Main universities
Amadeus University

In 2023, the population is 18.14 million. The vast majority are Somali ethnic groups, divided into two major ethnic groups: Samalai and Sabu. Among them, the Samarai clan accounts for more than 80% of the national population, which is divided into four major tribes: Darud, Haveye, Isaac and Dir. The Sabu ethnic group is divided into two major tribes, Dijir and Rahanwen.

The Republic of Djibouti; Arabic: جمههورイهイجイبوتイ; Djibouti, also known as La R é publique de Djibouti in French, is located on the west coast of the Gulf of Aden in northeastern Africa. It is a key gateway from the Red Sea to the Indian Ocean, bordering Somalia to the southeast, Eritrea to the north, and Ethiopia to the west, southwest, and south. The country covers an area of 23200 square kilometers and is divided into one city and five regions. The capital city of Djibouti has a population of approximately 1.13 million, mainly consisting of the Issa and Afar ethnic groups. [1]
Before the colonial invasion, Djibouti was ruled by three Sudanese kings: Houza, Tajura, and Obok. France began its invasion in 1850 and occupied the entire territory of Djibouti in 1888. In 1896, France established the “French Somalia” colonial government in Djibouti. In 1946, it became a French overseas territory and was renamed as the “French Territory of Afar and Issa” in 1967. The French government granted it actual autonomy. On December 31, 1975, France declared its agreement to Djibouti’s independence. On June 27, 1977, Djibouti declared independence and named itself the Republic of Djibouti.
The strategic position of the Republic of Djibouti is very important. It has the largest military base of the US military in Africa, the largest military base of the French military overseas and the support base of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. Djibouti is one of the least developed countries in the world, with scarce natural resources, weak industrial and agricultural foundations, and unstable political situation. In 2021, Djibouti’s gross domestic product was 3.371 billion US dollars, with an economic growth rate of 4.3%.

Chinese name
Republic of Djibouti
Foreign Name
The Republic of Djibouti (in English)
La R é publique de Djibouti (French)
جイイتイجمههいرイه (Arabic)
abbreviation
Djibouti
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Djibouti City
major city
Alta, Tajura, etc
National Day
June 27, 1977
National Anthem
《Djibouti》
Country code
DJI
official language
French, Arabic
Currency
DJF
Time Zone
UTC+3
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Ismail Omar Guelleh (President)
population size
About 1.13 million
population density
42.6 people per square kilometer 5
Main ethnic groups
Isa people, Afar people
Main religions
Islam (Sunni)
land area
23200 km²
Water area ratio
0.09%
Total GDP
3.52 billion US dollars 1
International telephone area code
two hundred and fifty-three
International Domain Abbreviations
.dj
Road traffic
Drive on the right side
Main universities
Djibouti University, Djibouti Medical College

population
According to the statistics of the World Bank, the population of Djibouti will be 988000 in 2020, of which more than 70% will live in cities, 650000 in the capital Djibouti, and the rest will be mainly concentrated in Tajura, the second largest city, and Obok, the third largest city. The natural conditions in rural areas of Jilin are relatively harsh, with few people living there. [7]
As of October 2022, the population is approximately one million. [1]
nationality
The main ethnic groups are the Issa (a branch of the Somali ethnic group), Afar, Isaac, and Gadabusi. The Issa ethnic group accounts for about 50% of the total population and their language is Somali; The Afar ethnic group accounts for 40% and their language is Afar.

Union des Comores (French: Union des Comores); Comoros, also known as the Land of the Moon and the Land of Spices, is an island nation located in the Indian Ocean, at the northern entrance of the Mozambique Channel on the east side of Africa. It is approximately 300 kilometers east and west of Madagascar and Mozambique, respectively. The islands of Grande Comore, Anjouan, Moheil, and Mayotte, which make up Comoros, are known as the four pearls of the western Indian Ocean. With a land area of 2236 square kilometers (including Mayotte), the country is divided into three autonomous islands: Grande Comore, Anjouan, and Moheil. The capital is Moroni, with a population of approximately 870000 (as of 2023), mainly composed of Arab descendants, Kaff, Magoni, Uamacha, and Sakalava.
Before the invasion of Western colonizers, it was ruled by Arab sultans for a long time. In 1841, France invaded Mayotte Island. In 1912, the four islands of Comoros became French colonies. In 1946, it became a French “Overseas Territory”. Obtained internal autonomy in 1961. On July 6, 1975, it gained independence and established the Republic of Comoros, with Ahmed Abdullah serving as its president. On October 22, 1978, the country changed its name to the Islamic Federal Republic of Comoros. In July 1997, Anjouan Island demanded independence from Comoros and became part of France, and declared independence in October. On December 23, 2001, Comoros passed a new constitution draft and decided to establish the Union of Comoros, granting the four islands a high degree of autonomy.
Comoros is a member state of the African Union, Arab League, Indian Council, Indian Ocean Rim Union, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, and Southern African Development Community. Comoros is one of the least developed countries in the world, with agriculture being the backbone of the country’s economy, a backward transportation system, a young and rapidly growing population, and a lack of natural resources. In 2023, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is expected to reach approximately 1.35 billion US dollars, with a GDP growth rate of 2.7% and a per capita GDP of 1587 US dollars. [1]

Chinese name
Comoros Union [1]
Foreign Name
Union of Comoros [1] (in English)
Union des Comores 1
المريّالاتّحاد (Arabic)
abbreviation
Comoros Islands
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Moroni [1]
major city
Grande Comore Island, etc
National Day
July 6, 1975 [1]
National Anthem
《Udzima wa ya Masiwa》
Country code
COM
official language
Comorian, Arabic, French [1]
Currency
Comoros Franc [1]
Time Zone
UTC+3
political system
federalism
National leaders
Azali Asomani (President)
population size
About 870000 (2023)
population density
467.3 people per square kilometer [6]
Main ethnic groups
Arabs, Black Africans
Main religions
Islam
land area
2236 km ² (including Mayotte Island)
Water area ratio
Rounding error
Total GDP
Approximately 1.35 billion US dollars 1
Per Capita GDP
1587 USD 1
International telephone area code
two hundred and sixty-nine
International Domain Abbreviations
.km
Road traffic
Drive on the right side
major airports
Comoros International Airport
Main universities
Comoros University

The population of Comoros is approximately 870000 (as of 2023). It is mainly composed of descendants of Arabs, Kaff, Magoni, Umamacha, and Sakalava. [1]
Comoros is mainly composed of descendants of Arabs, Kaff, Magoni, Uamacha, and Malgash ethnic groups. Some Comorians hold dual French and Comorian citizenship, and there are many Indian expatriates doing business in Comoros.

The Republic of Senegal (La R é publique du S é n é gal), abbreviated as Senegal, is located at the westernmost tip of the protruding region in West Africa, with its capital city being Dakar. It borders Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, Guinea and Guinea Bissau to the south, and the Cape Verde Islands to the west. The coastline is about 700 kilometers long. Dakar, the capital, covers an area of 196722 square kilometers and has a population of 19.06 million. [20] There are more than 20 ethnic groups in China, mainly Wolov (43% of the national population), Pall (24%) and Sherer (15%). There are 14 major regions in China.
The Kingdom of Tekru was established in the 9th century and was conquered by the Mali Empire in the 13th century. In the mid-14th century, the Zholov Kingdom was established, and around the 16th century, it belonged to the Sanghai Empire. From 1444 onwards, it was invaded by Portugal and from the 17th to the 18th century, it was contested by the Netherlands, France, and England. In 1677, France established the colony of Senegal, which was placed under the jurisdiction of French West Africa in 1895. In 1946, it became a French overseas department. In 1958, it became an autonomous republic within the French Community. In 1959, it formed a federation with Mali and withdrew in 1960, becoming an independent republic. [1]
Senegal is one of the least developed countries in the world, an agricultural country with forests accounting for 31% of its total land area. Arable land accounts for about 27%, and peanuts are the most important economic and export crop. Other industries include fishing, mining, manufacturing, and tourism. Senegal’s gross domestic product (GDP) for 2022 is 28.9 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 1880 US dollars and a GDP growth rate of 4.7%.

Chinese name
Republic of Senegal [1]
Foreign Name
The Republic of Senegal (in English)
La R é publique du S é n é gal (French)
abbreviation
Senegal
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Dakar [1]
National Day
April 4th, 1960 [1]
National Anthem
Playing the Qin and Drums
Country code
SEN
official language
French [1]
Currency
African Franc [1]
Time Zone
UTC+0
political system
Semi presidential republic
National leaders
Basilu Diomaye Faye (President), Osman Sonko (Prime Minister)
population size
19.06 million [20]
population density
87.0 people per square kilometer [2] 9
Main ethnic groups
Wolof, Pall, and Cherel tribes [1]
Main religions
Islam
land area
196722 km² [1]
Water area ratio
2.1%
Total GDP
31 billion US dollars (2023)
Per Capita GDP
1746 USD (2023)
International telephone area code
+221
International Domain Abbreviations
.sn
Road traffic
keep to the right
Main universities
university of dakar

population
According to the statistics of the World Bank, Senegal will have a national population of 16.744 million in 2020. Senegal is one of the densely populated countries in West Africa, with an average population density of 82 people per square kilometer. The population distribution in Serbia is uneven, with 84% of the country’s population concentrated in the western and southern regions, while only 16% is in the northeast region. Among them, Dakar and Daes are the most densely populated areas in China, and Dakar has 23% of the population. About 20% of residents frequently migrate and do not have a fixed place of residence. 53.5% of the population lives in rural areas. [11] In 2021, the population was 17.74 million.
nationality
Senegal has more than 20 ethnic groups, mainly including the Wolov (43% of the national population), the Pall (24%) and the Sherer (15%).

Located at 13 ° 28 ‘N and 16 ° 39’ W, along the Atlantic coast of West Africa, it borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west and is tightly surrounded by Senegal to the north, east, and south. The country covers an area of 11295 square kilometers and is divided into the capital city of Banjul and five local administrative districts, with a population of 2.42 million. [17] The main ethnic groups include Mandingo, Fula (also known as Pall), Wolof, Jura, and Serahuri.
In the 15th and 16th centuries, it was invaded by Portugal. Afterwards, British and French colonizers also invaded one after another. In 1783, the Treaty of Versailles transferred both banks of the Gambia River to England and Senegal to France. In 1889, Britain and France reached an agreement to delineate the current borders of The Gambia. Independence occurred on February 18, 1965. [1]
The main international and regional organizations that The Gambia has joined include the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the World Health Organization, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, the International Criminal Police Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the International Olympic Committee, the Commonwealth, the Non Aligned Movement, the World Tourism Organization, the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States, etc. In 2021, The Gambia’s GDP was 1.97 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 787 US dollars.

Chinese name
The Republic of The Gambia [1]
Foreign Name
The Republic of The Gambia [1]
abbreviation
Gambia
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Banjul [1]
major city
Sarakunda, Brichama
National Day
February 18, 1965 [1]
National Anthem
For Our Homeland in The Gambia
Country code
GMB
official language
English [1]
Currency
Dalasi, divided into coins of Butus
Time Zone
UTC+0
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Adama Barrow (President)
population size
2.42 million [17]
population density
238.8 people per square kilometer 8
Main ethnic groups
Mandingo, Fula, Wolof, Jura, Serahuri [1]
Main religions
Islam [1]
land area
11295 km²
Water area ratio
11.5%
Total GDP
2.2 billion US dollars
Per Capita GDP
815 USD [1]
International telephone area code
two hundred and twenty
International Domain Abbreviations
.gm
Road traffic
keep to the right
National Motto
Progress, Peace, Prosperity
Main universities
The University of The Gambia

2.42 million. The main ethnic groups are: Mandingo (42% of the population), Fula (also known as Pall, 16%), Wolof (16%), Jura (10%), and Serahuri (9%). The official language is English, and the ethnic languages include Mandingo, Wolof, Fula (also known as Pall), and Serahuli. 90% of the residents believe in Islam, while the rest believe in Protestantism, Catholicism, and primitive religions.

The Republic of Guinea; French: La R é publique de Guin é e, or Guinea for short, is located on the west bank of West Africa, bordering Guinea Bissau, Senegal and Mali to the north, C ô te d’Ivoire to the east, Sierra Leone and Liberia to the south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It covers an area of 245857 square kilometers. There are 7 regions, 1 capital Conakry City (at the same level as the region), 33 provinces, and 304 special regions in the country, with a population of 15.04 million (2022). There are more than 20 ethnic groups in the country, of which Fula (also known as the Pall) accounts for more than 40% of the national population, Malinkai accounts for more than 30%, and Susu accounts for about 20%. [1]
From the 9th to the 15th century, it was part of the Kingdom of Ghana and the Mali Empire. In the 15th century, Portuguese colonizers invaded and in 1885, it was designated as a French sphere of influence by the Berlin Conference. In 1893, it was named French Guinea. In the late 19th century, Samoli Dur established the Kingdom of Urasu and persisted in the struggle against France. On September 28, 1958, through a referendum, he refused to remain within the French Community. On October 2 of the same year, Guinea declared independence and established the Republic of Guinea, with S é gu é Tour é serving as its president. In April 1984, Colonel Lansana Cont é launched a mutiny and established the Second Republic of Guinea. In 1992, several countries switched to a multi-party system.
Guinea is rich in resources, with bauxite ranking first in the world, numerous rivers, and abundant freshwater resources. It is known as the water tower of West Africa and has the highest forest coverage rate in West Africa. It is a member of the World Trade Organization, the Mano River Union, and a signatory to the Second Monetary Area Agreement in West Africa. In 2022, Guinea’s gross domestic product (GDP) will be 18.6 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 1338 US dollars and a GDP growth rate of 4.8%.

Chinese name
Republic of Guinea
Foreign Name
The Republic of Guinea
abbreviation
Guinea
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Conakry
major city
Kangkang
National Day
October 2, 1958
National Anthem
Liberation “(Liberty é)
Country code
GIN
official language
French
Currency
GNF
Time Zone
UTC
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Mamadi Dunbuya (Transitional President), Mohammad Baiwoji (Transitional Prime Minister)
population size
15.04 million (2022)
population density
53.4 people per square kilometer 8
Main ethnic groups
Fulani, Malinke, Susu
Main religions
Islam
land area
245857 km²
Total GDP
22 billion US dollars 1
Per Capita GDP
1462 USD 1
International telephone area code
00224
International Domain Abbreviations
.gn
Road traffic
keep to the right
Main universities
University of Conakry

15.04 million (2022). There are more than 20 ethnic groups in China, of which Fula (also known as Pall) accounts for more than 33.9% of the national population, Malinkai accounts for more than 30%, and Susu accounts for about 20%. The official language is French. Each ethnic group has its own language, with the main languages being Susu, Malinke, and Fula (also known as Pall language)

The Republic of Sierra Leone, abbreviated as Sierra Leone, has its capital city Freetown and is located in West Africa. It borders Guinea to the north and northeast, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. The total area is 71740 square kilometers and the coastline is 485 kilometers long. It belongs to tropical monsoon climate. As of September 2024, the total population of Sierra Leone is 7.5487 million, with over 20 ethnic groups. The official language is English, and the majority of residents believe in Islam. [1]
The Mandi people entered the region in the 13th century. In 1462, Portuguese colonizers invaded the area. In 1808, the coastal areas of Sierra Leone became a British colony, and in 1896, Sierra Leone became a British “protectorate”. On April 27, 1961, Sierra Leone declared independence but remained within the Commonwealth. On April 19, 1971, Sierra Leone was established as a republic, with Stevens serving as its president. In 1978, a referendum passed the constitution of a one party republic. In 1991, the Revolutionary United Front led by Foday Sankoh launched an armed rebellion, triggering a 10-year civil war. In 2001, with the direct intervention of the United Nations peacekeeping forces, the civil war in Sierra Leone was quelled. [1]
Sierra Leone is one of the least developed countries. The economy is mainly based on agriculture and mining, and food cannot be self-sufficient. The political situation is basically stable, social security is good, and natural resources are abundant. Sierra Leone is a member of international and regional organizations such as the United Nations, UNESCO, the Group of 77, the World Trade Organization, the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States, the Commonwealth, and the African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States. In 2023, Sierra Leone’s gross domestic product will be 3.81 billion US dollars, with a per capita gross domestic product of 433.4 US dollars.

Chinese name
Republic of Sierra Leone [1]
Foreign Name
The Republic of Sierra Leone [1]
abbreviation
Sierra Leone
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
Freetown
major city
Bocheng, Kenema, Makeni, etc
National Day
April 27, 1961 [1]
National Anthem
We praise you, a free country
Country code
SLE
official language
English [1]
Currency
Leon [1]
Time Zone
UTC+0
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Julius Motor Bio 2
population size
7.5487 million [1]
population density
105.1 people per square kilometer 1
Main ethnic groups
Mandi, Temna, Limba, Creole
Main religions
Islam, Christianity
land area
71740 km² [1]
Water area ratio
1.1%
Total GDP
3.81 billion US dollars 1
Per Capita GDP
433.4 USD 1
International telephone area code
two hundred and thirty-two
International Domain Abbreviations
.sl
Road traffic
Drive on the right side
Climate
Tropical monsoon climate [1]
inflation rate
27.2% (2022)
foreign exchange reserve
680 million US dollars (2022)
Main universities
University of Sierra Leone, University of Ngara

According to official statistics, the total population of Sierra Leone in 2023 is approximately 8.79 million, with a population growth rate of 2.1% and an average age of around 19 years old. Urban residents account for 45.1%. From a regional perspective, Northern Province has the largest population, followed by Eastern Province, Western Province, and Southern Province. From an urban perspective, the population is mostly concentrated in the major cities and transportation hubs of Serbia, with the capital city of Freetown having the largest population, with over a million permanent residents.