Uzbekistan

The Republic of Uzbekistan, abbreviated as Uzbekistan, is a landlocked country located in Central Asia with Russian as the lingua franca. [22] is one of the two dual landlocked countries in the world, with a population of 37.36 million (as of October 2024). There are over 130 ethnic groups in total, with Uzbek accounting for 83.8%, Russian accounting for 2.3%, Tajik accounting for 4.8%, Kazakh accounting for 2.5%, and a land area of 448900 square kilometers. The capital city is Tashkent, and the country is divided into one republic, twelve provinces, and one municipality.
In the 9th to 11th centuries AD, the Uzbek ethnic group was formed. [1] In the 13th century, it was conquered by the Mongols. In the mid-14th century, a massive empire was established with Samarkand as its capital. In the 16th to 18th centuries, the Bukhara Khanate, the Khiva Khanate, and the Kokand Khanate were established. In the 1860s, it was annexed by the Russian Empire. [1] In 1924, the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was established and joined the Soviet Union, becoming one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union. Independence was declared on August 31, 1991.
Uzbekistan is the world’s 6th largest cotton producer and 2nd largest cotton exporter, the 7th largest gold producer, and also an important producer of natural gas, coal, copper, oil, silver, and uranium in the region. This country is also a unique example of a smooth transition from a planned economy to a market economy.
In 2020, Uzbekistan’s gross domestic product was approximately $57.699 billion, a year-on-year increase of 1.6%, with a per capita gross domestic product of approximately $1685.5 and an inflation rate of 11.1%. In 2021, Uzbekistan’s gross domestic product was approximately 69.2 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 7.4%, with a per capita gross domestic product of approximately 1861.8 US dollars and an inflation rate of 9.9%. In the first half of 2022, Uzbekistan’s gross domestic product was 35.27 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 5.4%. [1]

Chinese name
Republic of Uzbekistan [1]
Foreign Name
Republic of Uzbekistan
abbreviation
Uzbekistan [1]
Belonging continent
Asia
Capital City
Tashkent [1]
major city
Samarkand, Bukhara, Andijan, Fergana, etc
National Day
September 1, 1991
National Anthem
The National Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Country code
UZB
official language
Uzbek [1]
Currency
Uzbekistan Sums [1]
Time Zone
UTC+5
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Shafkat Mirziyoyev 3, Abdullah Alipov [3] (Prime Minister)
population size
37.36 million [34] (as of October 2024)
population density
78.7 people per square kilometer 11
Main ethnic groups
Uzbek ethnic group [1]
Main religions
Islam 1
land area
448900 km ² (updated as of January 2021)
Water area ratio
4.9%
Total GDP
80.4 billion US dollars 1
Per Capita GDP
2254 USD 1
International telephone area code
nine hundred and ninety-eight
International Domain Abbreviations
.uz
Road traffic
keep to the right
Constitution Implementation Day
December 8, 1992
forest coverage
8% (2005 statistics)
Main universities
Oriental Academy, Tashkent State University, etc

Uzbekistan is divided into one autonomous republic (Karakalpakstan Autonomous Republic), 12 provinces (Khwarezm, Navoi, Bukhara, Samarkand, Kashkadarya, Surkhan, Jizak, Syr Darya, Tashkent, Namangan, Andijan, Fergana), and one municipality (Tashkent City)
The capital city of Tashkent covers an area of 334 square kilometers and is its political, economic, financial, commercial, cultural, educational, and transportation center. Tashkent is also the most economically developed city in Ukraine, with a regional GDP accounting for 18.4% of Ukraine’s GDP. Among them, the output value of the tertiary industry accounts for 54.4% of the city’s total output value, while the rest is industrial, accounting for 45.6%. Major ministries, embassies and representative offices of foreign and international organizations, as well as headquarters of large state-owned and foreign-funded enterprises in Uzbekistan, are all located in Tashkent city. The permanent population is 3.021 million (as of October 2023). The average temperature in January is 0 ℃, and the average temperature in July is 28 ℃.
Other major economic and tourist cities include Samarkand, Bukhara, and Namangan. Samarkand is the capital of Samarkand Oblast and a famous tourist city. It is located on the banks of the Zeravshan River, with a railway distance of 270 kilometers northeast to the capital Tashkent and 249 kilometers south to the Afghan border. The area is 51.9 square kilometers and the population is 540000.
Bukhara City is located in the southwest of Uzbekistan, on the banks of the Shahkut Canal in the Zeravshan River Delta, in the central part of the Bukhara Oasis. It has a population of 276000 and is the administrative, economic, and cultural center of Bukhara Oblast, 434 kilometers northeast of the capital Tashkent. Bukhara city has developed tourism and natural gas resources, and there is a control center for the China Central Asia natural gas pipeline A/B/C lines in the city.

Uzbekistan has over 130 ethnic groups. Uzbek accounts for 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 4%, in addition, Turkmen, Ukraine, Uygur, Armenia, Türkiye, Belarus, etc.