Tajikistan

The Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: ҶумҳурииТоҷикистон, English: The Republic of Tajikistan), also known as Tajikistan, is located between Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and China. It is the only non Turkic country among the five Central Asian countries and the smallest country in terms of land area in China. Its population is 10.36 million (as of March 2024), with a total of 86 ethnic groups, including Tajik accounting for about 80%, Uzbek accounting for 15.3%, and Russian accounting for 1%. The country has a land area of 143100 square kilometers and is divided into three states. District 1 municipality directly under the central government.
The Tajik ethnic group was basically formed in the 9th and 10th centuries AD. In the 13th century, it was conquered by the Mongolian Tatars. In 1868, it was annexed by the Russian Empire. [1] In 1929, the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic was established and joined the Soviet Union, becoming one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union. On September 9, 1991, it gained independence and implemented a presidential system. [1]
Tajikistan has a relatively weak economic foundation and a relatively single structure. The political and economic crisis after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, as well as years of civil war, caused serious damage to the national economy of Tajikistan. Since 1997, the economy has gradually recovered and a new currency has been issued since the beginning of the 21st century to stabilize and improve the national financial system. Tajikistan is a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, NATO’s “Partnership for Peace” program, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia

Chinese name
Republic of Tajikistan
Foreign Name
The Republic of Tajikistan (in English)
ҶумҳуриТоҷикистон (Tajik)
abbreviation
Tajikistan, Tajikistan
Belonging continent
Asia
Capital City
Dushanbe [1]
major city
DUSHANBE
National Day
September 9, 1991
National Anthem
The National Anthem of the Republic of Tajikistan
Country code
TJK
official language
Tajik (national language), Russian (lingua franca) [1]
Currency
TJS
Time Zone
UTC+5
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Emomali Rahmon (President), Kojir Rasulzoda (Prime Minister)
population size
10.36 million (as of March 2024)
population density
68.1 people per square kilometer 9
Main ethnic groups
the Tajik nationality
Main religions
Islam 1
land area
143100 km² [1]
Water area ratio
1.8%
Total GDP
Approximately 11.57 billion US dollars (2022)
Per Capita GDP
897 USD 1
International telephone area code
nine hundred and ninety-two
International Domain Abbreviations
.tj
Road traffic
Drive on the right side
Main universities
Slavic University, Huzande University, etc
Calendar
the Gregorian calendar

Tajikistan is a landlocked country located in southeastern Central Asia (between 36 ° 40 ‘and 41 ° 05’ north latitude and 67 ° 31 ‘and 75 ° 14’ east longitude), with a land area of 143100 square kilometers. There are many mountains within the territory, accounting for about 93% of the total land area, and it is known as the “high mountain country”. It borders Xinjiang, China in the east and southeast (with a border of 430 kilometers, and the capital Dushanbe is 1009 kilometers away from the Chinese border port), Afghanistan in the south (with a border of 1030 kilometers, and the capital Dushanbe is 185 kilometers away from the Afghan border), Uzbekistan in the west (with a border of 910 kilometers, and the capital Dushanbe is 70 kilometers away from the western Uzbekistan port), and Kyrgyzstan in the north (with a border of 630 kilometers, and the capital Dushanbe is 368 kilometers away from the border city of Karamek). [3] [12]
topographic features
Located in a mountainous area, 90% of the territory is mountainous and high-altitude, with about half of them located at an altitude of over 3000 meters, earning it the nickname “High Mountain Country”. [1] Mountainous areas account for 93% of the total area. More than half of the areas have an altitude above 3000 meters, with less than 7% of arable land. The Ismail Somoni Peak in the Pamir Plateau is the highest point in the country, with an elevation of 7495 meters. When the glaciers and snow on the mountains melt, they form endless rushing rivers. The northern mountains belong to the Tianshan Mountains, the central part belongs to the Gisar Ar Mount Taishan Mountains, the southeastern part is the Pamir Plateau covered with ice and snow, and the highest is the Communist Peak, with an altitude of 7495m. The northern part is the western edge of the Fergana Basin, while the southwestern part includes the Vakhsh Valley, Gissar Valley, and Panche Valley. [2]

The country is divided into three provinces, one district, and one municipality: Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast, Soght Oblast, Khatlon Oblast, Central Direct District, and Dushanbe City. [2]
major city
08:09
Get to know a bustling city every day – Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan
The capital city is Dushanbe, with a population of 731000 (as of March 2024). The Gissar Basin is located between the Valzob River and the Kafelnikan River, with an altitude of 750-930 meters and an area of 125 square kilometers. The highest temperature in summer can reach 40 ℃, and the lowest temperature in winter is around minus 10 ℃. Dushanbe is the political, economic, scientific, cultural, and educational center of Tajikistan. The city is divided into four districts: Xino District, Ismoili Somoni District, Shokhmansur District, and Feldavsi District. In 2020, the total output value of Dushanbe city area was about 1.51 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 4.0%, accounting for 18.9% of the national GDP; The total industrial output value reached 265 million US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 4.1%, accounting for 9.0% of the national total.
Other major economic center cities include Huzande, Bohtar, and Horog, with main industries including processing, mining, and agriculture.

10.01 million (as of January 2023). There are a total of 86 ethnic groups, with Tajik accounting for about 80%, Uzbek accounting for 15.3%, and Russian accounting for 1%. In addition, there are ethnic groups such as Tatars, Kyrgyz, Ukrainian, Turkmen, Kazakh, Belarusian, Armenian, etc.