Kazakhstan

Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы/ قازاقستان رەسپۋبلىيكاسى [29]， The Republic of Kazakhstan, abbreviated as Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан, English: Kazakhstan), is located in central Asia. Russian is a compulsory language. [31] It borders Russia to the north, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan to the south, the Caspian Sea to the west, and China to the east. The area is 2.7249 million square kilometers. The population of Kazakhstan is 20.286 million (as of January 2025). There are 17 states and 3 municipalities directly under the central government in China. The capital Astana. [1]
The Kazakh Khanate was established in 1456 AD, and by the 16th century, the Kazakh people had developed into three major yuzis: large, medium, and small. In the mid-19th century, it was annexed by the Russian Empire. In 1936, the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic was established and joined the Soviet Union, becoming one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union. On December 16, 1991, the Republic of Kazakhstan gained independence and was established.
Kazakhstan has strengthened its integration with the CIS countries in terms of economy, politics, and military. On January 1, 2015, it established the Eurasian Economic Union with countries such as Russia, Belarus, and Kyrgyzstan. In 2021, Kazakhstan’s gross domestic product was 176.6 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 4%. From January to April 2022, Kazakhstan’s gross domestic product increased by 4.4% year-on-year.

Chinese name
The Republic of Kazakhstan
Foreign Name
The Republic of Kazakhstan (in English)
Қазақстанパеспубликасы (Kazakh)
قازاقستان رەسپۋبلىيكاسى [29]
abbreviation
Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan
Belonging continent
Asia [1]
Capital City
Astana [22]
major city
Almaty, Shymkent, Karaganda, etc. [45]
National Day
October 25th [23]
National Anthem
My Kazakhstan “
Country code
KAZ [2]
official language
Kazakh, Russian
Currency
Kazakhstan tenge (KZT)
Time Zone
UTC+5 [37]
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Kassem Jomart Tokayev 21
population size
20.286 million (as of January 1, 2025)
population density
7.0 people per square kilometer 7
Main ethnic groups
Kazakh and Russian ethnic groups [1]
Main religions
Islam (Sunni), Eastern Orthodox [52]
land area
2724900 km²
Water area ratio
1.7%
Total GDP
220.472 billion US dollars (2022)
Per Capita GDP
9060 USD 28
International telephone area code
997 [24]
International Domain Abbreviations
kz
Road traffic
keep to the right
National symbol
Snow leopard, golden eagle
legal system
continental law system
National structural form
Unitary system
Calendar
the Gregorian calendar

As of May 4, 2022 local time, there are 17 provinces and 3 municipalities in China (the capital Astana, the former capital Almaty, and Shymkent). They are: Astana City, Almaty City, Shymkent City, Almaty Oblast (Kunayev), Akmola Oblast (Kokshetau), Aktube Oblast (Aktobe), Atyrau Oblast (Atyrau), Pavlodar Oblast (Pavlodar), Mangghsystau Oblast (Aktau), Karaganda Oblast (Karaganda), Kostanay Oblast (Kostanay), Kyzylorda Oblast (Kyzylorda, Kyzylorda), Janbuhr Oblast. Oblast (Jambyl, Taraz), East Kazakhstan Oblast (Shyghys kazakstan, Eskman), Turkestan Oblast, West Kazakhstan Oblast (Batysdy kazakstan, Urals), North Kazakhstan Oblast (Soltustik kazakstan), Kizilazar, Abay Oblast (Абай, Semey), Jetsu Suzhou (Жетсу, Tardikurgan), Ultau Oblast (лытау, Jezikazgan)