Chad

The Republic of Chad, also known as Chad, is a landlocked country in central Africa. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. The capital and largest city is N’Djamena, with a land area of 1.284 million square kilometers and a population of 18.28 million (2023, data from the World Bank). There are 256 ethnic groups in China, divided into 23 regions, 95 provinces, and 365 municipalities.
The early inhabitants were the Sa’ao people, and the ‘Sa’ao culture’ is an important component of the African cultural treasure trove. From the 9th to the 17th century AD, various Muslim kingdoms were established, including the Kingdom of Ganem Bornu, the Kingdom of Vadai, and the Kingdom of Baghirmi. In 1902, it became a French colony, and in 1910, it became a territory of French Equatorial Africa. In 1911, part of the territory was ceded to Germany in exchange for Germany’s recognition of the French “protection” of Morocco. Returned to France after World War I. It became a French overseas territory in 1946. In early 1957, it became a “semi autonomous republic”. On November 28, 1958, it became an “autonomous republic” within the French Community. Independence was declared on August 11, 1960.
Chad is an agricultural and pastoral country with a backward economy and is one of the least developed countries in the world. It is a member of African regional organizations such as the African Union, the Central African Economic and Monetary Community, the Economic Community of Central African States, the Community of Sahel Saharan States, the Niger River Basin Organization, and the Lake Chad Basin Commission. The estimated economic indicators for Chad in 2023 are a gross domestic product of 13.15 billion US dollars, a per capita gross domestic product of 719.4 US dollars, and an economic growth rate of 4.1%

Chinese name
Republic of Chad
Foreign Name
The Republic of Chad (in English)
تشاد (Arabic)
Tchad (French)
abbreviation
Chad
Belonging continent
Africa
Capital City
N’Djamena
major city
Ati, Massenia, etc
National Day
August 11, 1960
National Anthem
The People of Chad
Country code
TCD
official language
French, Arabic
Currency
Central African Franc
Time Zone
UTC+1
political system
presidential republic
National leaders
Mahamad Idris Deby
population size
18.28 million (2023, data from the World Bank)
population density
13.0 people per square kilometer 5
Main ethnic groups
Berbers, Arabs, Blacks
Main religions
Islam, Christianity, Primitive Religions
land area
1284000 km²
Total GDP
13.15 billion US dollars 1
Per Capita GDP
719.4 USD 1
International telephone area code
two hundred and thirty-five
International Domain Abbreviations
.td
Road traffic
Drive on the right side
Main universities
University of N’Djamena, King Faisal University, etc

population
In 2023, the population of Chad was 18.28 million. The population distribution is uneven, with about half of the country’s population living in the southern one-fifth of the region, and the urban population accounting for only 26.8% of the total population, making it the country with the lowest urbanization rate in Central Africa. [7]
nationality
Chad has a total of 256 major and minor tribes. The residents in the north, middle and east are mainly the Berber, Tubu, Vadayi and Bajirmi of Arab origin, accounting for about 45% of the national population; The residents in the south and southwest are mainly Sala, Massa, Cotoko and Mondang, accounting for about 55% of the national population. At present, the ruling tribe in Chad is the Zakawa tribe, belonging to President Deby, mainly distributed in the northeastern border area between Chad and Sudan, with about 20000 people.